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8 Types of Commonly Used Flanges for Piping System-- Explained

A flange is a method of connecting pipes, valves, pumps and other equipment to form a piping system. It also provides easy access for cleaning, inspection or modification. Flanges are usually welded or screwed.  A flanged joint is composed of three separate and independent although interrelated components; the flanges, the gaskets, and the bolting; which are assembled by yet another influence, the fitter. Special controls are required in the selection and application of all these elements to attain a joint, which has acceptable leak tightness. There are different types of pipe flanges   used in the piping systems depending upon the fluid, PT rating, material of construction, connecting equipment etc. Below are the types of flanges used in piping based on facing. Most Commonly Used Pipe Flanges are :- WELDING NECK FLANGE LONG WELDING NECK SLIP ON FLANGE THREADED FLANGE SOCKET WELD FLANGE LAP JOINT FLANGE BLIND FLANGE STUB END 1.WELDING NECK...
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What is meant by Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) in Piping World ?

Net positive suction head is the term that is usually used to describe the absolute pressure of a fluid at the inlet to a pump minus the vapour pressure of the liquid. The resultant value is known as the Net Positive Suction Head available. The term is normally shortened to the acronym NPSHa, the "a" denotes available. Net Positive Suction Head Available( NPSHa) : The amount of NPSH available to the pump from the suction line is termed NPSHa. And also NPSHa is defined as: NPSHa = Pressure head + Static head – Vapor pressure head of your product – Friction head loss in the piping, valves and fittings. A similar term is used by pump manufactures to describe the energy losses that occur within many pumps as the fluid volume is allowed to expand within the pump body. This energy loss is expressed as a head of fluid and is described as NPSHr (Net Positive Suction Head requirement) the "r" suffix is used to denote the value is a requirement.  Net P...
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Standard & Codes that need to be followed while Designing or Manufacturing any Piping System

There are certain standard codes that need to be followed while designing or manufacturing any piping system. Organizations that promulgate piping standards include: ASME - The American Society of Mechanical Engineers - B31 series ASME B31.1 Power piping (steam piping etc.) ASME B31.3 Process piping ASME B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids and oil and gas ASME B31.5 Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components ASME B31.8 Gas transmission and distribution piping systems ASME B31.9 Building services piping ASME B31.11 Slurry Transportation Piping Systems (Withdrawn, Superseded by B31.4) ASME B31.12 Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM A252 Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles. API - American Petroleum Institute API 5L Petroleum and natural gas industries—Steel pipe for pipeline transportation systems. CWB - Canadian Welding Bur...
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