Parts of Engine Transmission System

 

The engine transmission system is essential for transferring power from the engine to the wheels, allowing the vehicle to move and adjust speed. Here are the main components of a typical engine transmission system:

1. Clutch (Manual Transmission) / Torque Converter (Automatic Transmission)
Clutch: In a manual transmission, the clutch engages and disengages the engine from the transmission to allow gear shifts.
Torque Converter: In an automatic transmission, the torque converter performs a similar function, transmitting engine power to the transmission fluidly.

2. Flywheel
Attached to the engine crankshaft, the flywheel helps maintain consistent engine speed and assists in smoothing the engine’s power output. It is also involved in the engagement process with the clutch in manual transmissions.

3. Gearbox (Transmission)
The gearbox houses different gear sets and is the main component that alters speed and torque to adapt to driving conditions. It consists of gear ratios that can be selected to increase or reduce speed and torque.

4. Gears and Shafts
Gears: Change the rotational speed and torque. Common types include spur gears, helical gears, and planetary gears (often used in automatic transmissions).
Shafts: These include input shafts, output shafts, and countershafts, which transmit the power through the gearbox.

5. Synchronizers (in Manual Transmissions)
Synchronizers allow smooth gear shifts by matching the speeds of gears and shafts, helping to engage gears smoothly without grinding.

6. Shift Lever and Linkage (in Manual Transmissions)
The shift lever, operated by the driver, connects to the linkage system, which moves the gears into the selected positions.

7. Transmission Fluid
This fluid helps lubricate and cool the transmission components, reducing wear and allowing smooth operation. In automatic transmissions, it also helps transmit power.

8. Output Shaft
The output shaft transfers the rotational power from the gearbox to the driveshaft or final drive.

9. Differential
The differential allows the drive wheels to rotate at different speeds, especially useful when turning, to prevent tire skidding and wear. It can be part of the transmission assembly or as a separate unit, depending on the vehicle's drivetrain layout.

10. Driveshaft
The driveshaft transfers torque from the transmission to the differential or the final drive, especially in rear-wheel or all-wheel-drive vehicles.

11. CV Joints / U-Joints
Constant Velocity (CV) joints and Universal (U) joints allow flexibility in the drivetrain by accommodating changes in angle as the wheels move up and down or turn, providing power to the wheels without interruption.

12. Final Drive
The final drive transmits torque to the wheels at the correct speed and direction, often housed within the differential in rear-wheel or all-wheel-drive vehicles. It consists of a gear set that reduces the speed from the transmission to increase torque.

Each part of the transmission system works together to convert engine power into efficient movement, adapting to speed, torque requirements, and driving conditions.